Blocking Queue

A blocking queue is a queue that blocks when you try to dequeue from it and the queue is empty, or if you try to enqueue items to it and the queue is already full.

A thread trying to dequeue from an empty queue is blocked until some other thread inserts an item into the queue.

A thread trying to enqueue an item in a full queue is blocked until some other thread makes space in the queue, either by dequeuing one or more items or clearing the queue completely.

/** Main lock guarding all access */

private final ReentrantLock lock;

/** Condition for waiting takes */

private final Condition notEmpty;

/** Condition for waiting puts */

private final Condition notFull;

public ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity) {

        this(capacity, false);

}

public ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity, boolean fair) {

        if (capacity <= 0)

            throw new IllegalArgumentException();

        this.items = (E[]) new Object[capacity];

        lock = new ReentrantLock(fair);

        notEmpty = lock.newCondition();

        notFull =  lock.newCondition();

}

Take element from BlockingQueue

    public E take() throws InterruptedException {

        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;

        lock.lockInterruptibly();

        try {

            try {

                while (count == 0)

               // Causes the current thread to wait until it is signalled

               or interrupted.

                   notEmpty.await();

            } catch (InterruptedException ie) {

                notEmpty.signal(); // propagate to non-interrupted thread

                throw ie;

            }

            E x = extract();

            return x;

        } finally {

            lock.unlock();

        }

   }

    /**

     * Extracts element at current take position, advances, and signals.

     * Call only when holding lock.

     */

    private E extract() {

        final E[] items = this.items;

        E x = items[takeIndex];

        items[takeIndex] = null;

        takeIndex = inc(takeIndex);

        --count;

        notFull.signal();

        return x;

    }

Put element in BlockingQueue

    /**

     * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting

     * for space to become available if the queue is full.

     * @throws InterruptedException

     * @throws NullPointerException

     */

    public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException {

        if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException();

        final E[] items = this.items;

        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;

        lock.lockInterruptibly();

        try {

            try {

                while (count == items.length)

                    notFull.await();

            } catch (InterruptedException ie) {

                notFull.signal(); // propagate to non-interrupted thread

                throw ie;

            }

            insert(e);

        } finally {

            lock.unlock();

        }

   }

 /**Inserts element at current put position, advances, and signals.

  * Call only when holding lock.

  */

    private void insert(E x) {

        items[putIndex] = x;

        putIndex = inc(putIndex);

        ++count;

        notEmpty.signal();

    }

java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition

Condition factors out the Object monitor methods (wait, notify and notifyAll) into distinct objects to give the effect of having multiple wait-sets per object, by combining them with the use of arbitrary Lock implementations.

Where a Lock replaces the use of synchronized methods and statements, a Condition replaces the use of the Object monitor methods.

lock = new ReentrantLock(fair);

notEmpty = lock.newCondition();

notFull =  lock.newCondition();

newCondition()

Returns: Condition instance for use with this Lock instance.

The returned Condition instance supports the same usages as do the Object monitor methods (wait, notify, and notifyAll) when used with the built-in monitor lock.

If this lock is not held when any of the Condition waiting or signaling methods are called, an IllegalMonitorStateException is thrown.

When the condition waiting methods are called the lock is released and, before they return, the lock is reacquired and the lock hold count restored to what it was when the method was called.

If a thread is interrupted while waiting then the wait will terminate, an InterruptedException will be thrown, and the thread's interrupted status will be cleared.

Waiting threads are signaled in FIFO order.

The ordering of lock reacquisition for threads returning from waiting methods is the same as for threads initially acquiring the lock, which is in the default case not specified, but for fair locks favors those threads that have been waiting the longest.